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Russia. The summer of 1942.

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The Germans are on the move... again.

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The Sixth Army, Hitler's largest,
victorious in France,

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almost victorious in the first year
of the Russian campaign.

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Now it has a new task -

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to fight further east than the Wehrmacht
has ever fought before,

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<font color="

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The German army's plan to destroy Russia
by a blitzkrieg in 1941 had failed.

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And, in the attempt,
they'd lost a million men.

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In 1942, they were not strong enough -
even with the help of their allies -

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to attack along the whole front.

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Hitler turned south, to the Caucasus.

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<font color="
was there.

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He divided his forces into two groups -

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the Sixth Army and
the Fourth Panzer Army would move first.

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His plan was to encircle and destroy
Soviet armies in the Don bend,

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drive east towards Stalingrad,

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and cut off the Caucasus
from the rest of the country.

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<font color="

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the other army group
would capture Rostov

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and strike south to the oil fields.

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The offensive started late.

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It was high summer
before the Sixth Army,

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under Friedrich von Paulus,
began to move.

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The armour in front, as usual,

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<font color="
close behind.

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The foot soldiers
slogged along in the rear.

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At first, the Russians
seemed to melt away.

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No matter how far the Germans advanced,

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the Red Army always eluded them.

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The Germans didn't take many prisoners.

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They captured territory and towns.

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<font color="
to encircle the Russians, but couldn't.

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Time and again, its spearheads had to
pause and wait for supplies to catch up.

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One soldier, Wilhelm Hoffman,
was keeping a diary.

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He thought the war might soon be over.

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"Perhaps we'll be home by Christmas",
he wrote.

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<font color="
of a million troops in the spring.

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Now they could not afford
pitched battles,

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so they kept retreating.

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To the Russian commanders,
it was a skilful planned withdrawal.

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To the Russian troops,
it was a demoralising rout.

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To Hitler, it was a crushing victory.

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<font color="
had been wiped out.

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So, with the offensive
barely two weeks old,

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he started to shift his armies south.

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At the end of July
his troops entered Rostov,

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the key to the Caucasus.

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Hitler now gave absolute priority
to the thrust towards the oil fields.

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<font color="

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He diverted
the Fourth Panzer Army south.

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He stripped the Sixth Army of its fuel
and most of its armour,

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and sent them south, too.

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But he still expected the Sixth Army
to carry on as before.

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By mid-August, the Sixth Army
had been on the march for six weeks.

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<font color="

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a panzer column reached the Volga
just north of Stalingrad.

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It cut off river traffic and brought
the opposite bank under fire.

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The infantry dug in along the railway
and waited for reinforcements.

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Though the Sixth Army's original mission
was now accomplished,

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Hitler now expected them
to take the city.</font>

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Stalingrad was built on bluffs
overlooking the Volga,

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and stretched 15 miles
along its western bank.

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The old town - log huts
and wooden buildings - in the south,

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a modern centre, steel and concrete.

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To the north, three large factories,
with workers' housing nearby.

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<font color="
scored by deep ravines.

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A Soviet showpiece,
Stalin had named it for himself.

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Stalin had determined
to defend the city.

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He decided not to evacuate
most of the civilians.

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The troops would fight better, he said,
for a live city than for a dead one.

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Air defences were improvised.

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<font color="
had women crews.

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A workers' militia was recruited.

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Stalin had coined the slogan,
"Not one step back."

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Troops and security police
patrolled the streets.

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It wasn't all coercion.

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There was fear of the Germans,
and patriotism, and communist zeal.

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<font color="

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each of us must apply ourselves

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to the task of defending
our beloved town,

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our homes, and our families."

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"Let us barricade every street,
transform every district,

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every block, every house,
into an impregnable fortress."

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<font color="
in enough strength

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to take Stalingrad on its own.

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Its reserves were still far behind.

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The Luftwaffe was called in
to help the ground forces.

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For three days, from August 23,

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every aircraft available
on the Russian Front attacked the city.

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<font color="
came from the gun boats on the Volga

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and from the batteries
on the opposite shore.

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The city did not fall to air attack,

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and the shattered buildings
were transformed into fortresses.

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The beginning of September.

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Russian artillery
could harass the Germans

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<font color="

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But the Russian reserves were useless

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unless they could cross the river
and get into the city.

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There were no bridges

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and by day river ferries
were under constant Luftwaffe attack.

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As long as the Russians
held any of the western bank,

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<font color="

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Once across, they could use tunnels
dug into the high bluffs

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and force the Germans
to battle for every foot.

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The German armies held the initiative,

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but they were at the very end
of a precarious supply line.

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All their troops were committed
to the offensive.

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<font color="
if anything went wrong.

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The Germans launched their first attacks
early in September.

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September 11, Wilhelm Hoffman:

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"Our battalion is fighting
in the suburbs of Stalingrad."

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"Firing is going on all the time."

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"Wherever you look is fire and flames."

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<font color="
are firing out of the burning city."

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"Fanatics!"

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Hoffman, September 16:

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"Our battalion plus tanks
is attacking the grain elevator."

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"The battalion
is suffering heavy losses."

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"The elevator is occupied not by men

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but by devils that no bullets
or flames can destroy."</font>

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September 18:

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"Fighting is going on
inside the elevator."

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"if all the buildings of Stalingrad
are defended like this,

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then none of our soldiers
will get back to Germany."

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September 20:

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"The battle for the elevator
is still going on."

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September 22:

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<font color="
has been broken."

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"Our troops are advancing
towards the Volga."

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"We found only about 40 Russians
dead in the elevator."

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The German army high command,
1,000 miles away,

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was beginning to have second thoughts.

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General Halder, chief of staff,

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<font color="
Hitler's directives earlier in the year.

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Now, with the original
strategic objectives accomplished,

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he urged caution - but in vain.

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A member of Halder's staff observed

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that the Führer used to move his hands
in big sweeps over the map:

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"Push here, push there."

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<font color="
of practical difficulties.

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Halder refused to take responsibility
for continuing the advance

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with winter approaching.

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Hitler said:
"We now need National Socialist ardour,

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rather than professional ability,
to settle matters in the east."

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"Obviously I cannot expect this of you."

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<font color="
and replaced him by General Zeitzler,

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who was thought to be
a genius at logistics -

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a man who would know how to move
armies where Hitler wanted them to go.

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In Stalingrad,
the Sixth Army's commander

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was having second thoughts too.

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Von Paulus's troops

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<font color="
hand to hand in bombed-out cities.

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Here, their tanks
moved at a snail's pace,

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yet Hitler insisted, demanded,
that they take the city.

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A Russian soldier, Anton Gošnik:

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"We moved back,
occupying one building after another,

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turning them into strongholds."

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<font color="
of an occupied position

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only when the ground was on fire beneath
him and his clothes were smouldering."

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September 26, Hoffman complained
about the way the Soviets fought:

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"We don't see them at all."

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"They've established themselves
in houses, in cellars,

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and they're firing from all sides,
including from our rear."</font>

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"Barbarians! They use gangster methods!"

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Zeitzler, Hitler's new chief of staff,

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took a long look at the situation
and told him:

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"The most dangerous positions
on the whole Eastern Front

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are the north front at Stalingrad

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and the eastern flank
of the Fourth Panzer Army."

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<font color="
to rectify the situation,

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there will be a disaster."

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Hitler replied,
"You're too pessimistic, Zeitzler."

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"We've been through worse periods
than this and we've survived."

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"We'll get over
our present difficulties, too."

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The German position was dangerous.

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<font color="
were being lost in Stalingrad.

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They could only be replaced by stripping
the army's flanks of German troops.

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Romanians were moving in here.

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This area was now held by the Italians.

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Next to them were Hungarians.

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The most precarious position of all
was here,

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where the Russians
held both banks of the river Don.</font>

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They faced the Romanian Third Army,

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which had no heavy anti-tank guns
and no tanks either.

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Hitler wasn't worried. He thought -

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and the high command's
intelligence confirmed this -

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that the Russians
had no strategic reserves left.

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In October, the Germans attacked again,
towards the Volga.</font>

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Unless they captured
the entire river bank,

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the Russians would bring in
troops and supplies at night.

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Wilhelm Hoffman, October 4:

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"A lot of Russian Tommy-gunners
have appeared."

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"Where are they bringing them from?"

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00:24:11,117 --> 00:24:13,035
Another German wondered:

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00:24:13,119 --> 00:24:18,249
<font color="
another dreadful Russian winter?"

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00:24:20,168 --> 00:24:23,045
Hoffman, on October 14:

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00:24:23,129 --> 00:24:25,715
"It's been fantastic since morning."

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00:24:25,798 --> 00:24:27,842
"Our aeroplanes and artillery

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00:24:27,925 --> 00:24:31,471
have been bombing
the Russian positions for hours."

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00:25:04,712 --> 00:25:07,798
A panzer <i>Leutnant</i>, Weiner, wrote:

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00:25:07,882 --> 00:25:10,885
<font color="

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00:25:10,968 --> 00:25:15,765
"By day it is an enormous cloud
of burning, blinding smoke."

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00:25:15,848 --> 00:25:20,770
"It is a vast furnace,
lit by the reflection of the flames."

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00:25:20,853 --> 00:25:26,651
"And when night arrives - one of those
very hot, noisy, bloody nights -

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the dogs plunge into the Volga

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00:25:28,653 --> 00:25:31,489
and swim desperately
to gain the other bank."

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00:25:31,572 --> 00:25:34,951
<font color="
are a terror for them."

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00:25:35,034 --> 00:25:38,037
"Animals flee from this hell."

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00:25:38,120 --> 00:25:41,791
"The hardest stones
cannot bear it for long."

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00:25:41,874 --> 00:25:44,210
"Only men endure."

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00:26:18,202 --> 00:26:21,122
Hoffman's diary, October 22:

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00:26:21,956 --> 00:26:27,628
"Who would have thought three months
ago that instead of the joy of victory

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00:26:27,712 --> 00:26:31,882
we would have to endure
such sacrifices and torture,</font>

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00:26:31,966 --> 00:26:34,844
the end of which is nowhere in sight?"

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00:26:34,927 --> 00:26:41,183
"The soldiers are calling Stalingrad
'the mass grave' of the Wehrmacht."

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00:26:43,561 --> 00:26:46,022
From far behind Stalingrad,

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00:26:46,105 --> 00:26:51,360
long columns of Russian tanks and men
came that autumn.

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00:26:51,444 --> 00:26:57,158
But only a trickle went to Stalingrad -
just enough to keep it from collapsing.

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<font color="
north and south of the city.

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00:27:18,179 --> 00:27:21,891
Newsreels told Russians
what their leaders wanted them to know -

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that small arms factories were working
round the clock from Moscow to Georgia.

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00:27:45,748 --> 00:27:51,712
Sweethearts were writing letters
about production quotas,

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00:27:51,796 --> 00:27:54,548
or wrapping parcels for the front,

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00:27:54,632 --> 00:27:58,219
and delivering them
by special messenger.</font>

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00:28:04,392 --> 00:28:08,145
Youth groups could
adopt their own tanks

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00:28:08,229 --> 00:28:11,357
and even pose with their crews.

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00:28:12,441 --> 00:28:16,362
Groups of workers
could buy their own Stormovik

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00:28:16,445 --> 00:28:20,157
and send it off
to shoot down Hitlerite invaders.

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00:28:22,159 --> 00:28:26,914
But the underlying message was clear -
the terrible days of shortage were over.

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00:28:26,997 --> 00:28:31,877
Now, at last, the Red Army
was getting all it needed.</font>

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00:28:31,961 --> 00:28:33,129
When it seemed likely

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00:28:33,212 --> 00:28:37,591
that Stalingrad would hold out,
its generals were filmed.

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00:28:42,096 --> 00:28:45,516
General Yeremenko,
commander of the Stalingrad front,

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found time to distribute medals.

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00:28:51,897 --> 00:28:55,609
Stalin's speeches
were much read to the troops.

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00:28:57,069 --> 00:28:59,697
There was even a Stalingrad oath:

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00:28:59,780 --> 00:29:06,162
<font color="
its ruins, its very stones, are sacred."

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00:29:10,541 --> 00:29:13,335
The war went on.

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00:29:15,129 --> 00:29:18,841
The Russians ferried their troops
across the Volga and the Don

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00:29:18,924 --> 00:29:23,929
and crammed them into the bridgeheads
they had held since the summer.

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00:29:28,058 --> 00:29:32,188
The Russians dug in and waited.

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00:29:59,006 --> 00:30:02,551
The Germans now held
nine-tenths of the city.

244
00:30:02,635 --> 00:30:07,807
<font color="
an after-dinner speech in Munich.

245
00:30:07,890 --> 00:30:10,351
<i>I wanted to come to the Volga.</i>

246
00:30:10,434 --> 00:30:13,312
"I wanted to get
to the Volga at a point

247
00:30:13,395 --> 00:30:18,776
where stands a certain town...
bears the name of Stalin himself."

248
00:30:18,859 --> 00:30:21,821
"I wanted to take the place
and we've done it."

249
00:30:21,904 --> 00:30:27,576
"We've got it really, except for a few
enemy positions still holding out."</font>

250
00:30:28,869 --> 00:30:32,665
"People say, 'Why don't they
finish the job more quickly?"'

251
00:30:32,748 --> 00:30:36,544
"Well, I prefer to do the job
with quite small assault groups."

252
00:30:36,669 --> 00:30:39,964
"Time is of no consequence at all."

253
00:31:14,623 --> 00:31:19,253
But time was creeping up
on the Germans.

254
00:31:19,336 --> 00:31:21,797
Even before Hitler's speech,

255
00:31:21,881 --> 00:31:25,009
the Russian winter had begun.

256
00:31:40,107 --> 00:31:42,985
<font color="

257
00:31:43,068 --> 00:31:49,116
Soon it would be 30, 40, 50 degrees
below freezing.

258
00:31:49,199 --> 00:31:52,745
Equipment and men would freeze.

259
00:32:01,253 --> 00:32:03,964
But the Russians would keep going.

260
00:32:16,435 --> 00:32:19,271
The Russians tried to keep
their build-up a secret,

261
00:32:19,355 --> 00:32:22,316
but they could neither
move all their men by night,

262
00:32:22,399 --> 00:32:26,320
nor hide completely
three-quarters of a million new troops.</font>

263
00:32:31,158 --> 00:32:38,123
On November 10, Von Paulus asked Hitler
to let him withdraw from Stalingrad.

264
00:32:38,207 --> 00:32:40,501
Hitler told him to keep attacking.

265
00:32:43,754 --> 00:32:46,507
The Russian build-up went on.

266
00:33:04,984 --> 00:33:08,070
On November 19, the Russians struck.

267
00:33:16,203 --> 00:33:18,956
They attacked the Romanians
from the north

268
00:33:19,039 --> 00:33:22,001
and, two days later, from the south.

269
00:33:22,084 --> 00:33:27,381
<font color="
the Russian tanks were through.

270
00:33:49,570 --> 00:33:52,114
The Russian plans were ambitious.

271
00:33:52,197 --> 00:33:56,744
Their two pincers would cut through
the Romanians and link at Kalach.

272
00:33:56,827 --> 00:34:00,414
That would trap the German Sixth Army.

273
00:34:00,497 --> 00:34:03,000
They would reduce the Stalingrad pocket,

274
00:34:03,083 --> 00:34:06,170
and could then strike south-east
towards Rostov.

275
00:34:06,253 --> 00:34:09,465
<font color="
all the Germans in the Caucasus.

276
00:34:12,801 --> 00:34:15,471
Just four days
after the offensive began,

277
00:34:15,554 --> 00:34:18,390
the two Russian armies did link up.

278
00:34:18,474 --> 00:34:21,894
It had all gone so quickly
there was no time to film it,

279
00:34:21,977 --> 00:34:24,730
so it was re-enacted for the cameras.

280
00:34:58,764 --> 00:35:02,893
The Russians thought
they had trapped 75,000 Germans.

281
00:35:02,976 --> 00:35:06,855
<font color="

282
00:35:06,939 --> 00:35:11,151
All the Sixth Army,
some of the Fourth Panzer Army,

283
00:35:11,235 --> 00:35:15,656
Romanians, Croatians,
and even Russian volunteers.

284
00:35:15,739 --> 00:35:21,036
The commander on the spot, Von Paulus,
asked to be allowed to break out.

285
00:35:21,120 --> 00:35:25,916
Hitler told him to stay put.
He would send troops to break in.

286
00:35:25,999 --> 00:35:28,210
And he sent him a cheery message:

287
00:35:28,293 --> 00:35:32,381
<font color="
and its commander-in-chief,

288
00:35:32,464 --> 00:35:36,218
and I also know
that it will do its duty."

289
00:35:44,977 --> 00:35:47,729
But the army still had to eat.

290
00:35:52,067 --> 00:35:56,029
Göring, the Luftwaffe's
commander-in-chief.

291
00:35:56,113 --> 00:35:57,948
Earlier that year, his planes

292
00:35:58,031 --> 00:36:00,701
had supplied a whole army
cut off for 60 days

293
00:36:00,784 --> 00:36:03,579
with fuel, ammunition and food.

294
00:36:03,662 --> 00:36:06,123
<font color="

295
00:36:06,206 --> 00:36:10,210
Providing the weather was good
and the distances not too great,

296
00:36:10,294 --> 00:36:13,422
they could fly in 500 tons a day.

297
00:36:17,634 --> 00:36:19,595
Hitler thought that would do,

298
00:36:19,720 --> 00:36:24,975
though he knew the army said
it needed at least 800 tons.

299
00:36:43,035 --> 00:36:45,621
The Russians were waiting.

300
00:36:58,217 --> 00:37:01,511
Bombers were used as transports.

301
00:37:08,644 --> 00:37:10,812
<font color="

302
00:37:16,318 --> 00:37:20,530
The airlift brought in
only a tenth of what was needed,

303
00:37:20,614 --> 00:37:23,951
though it did once deliver
a planeload of ground pepper

304
00:37:24,034 --> 00:37:27,287
and 12 cases of contraceptives.

305
00:37:33,961 --> 00:37:35,671
The Russians did not attack

306
00:37:35,754 --> 00:37:38,674
the 250,000 troops
in the pocket directly -

307
00:37:38,757 --> 00:37:40,884
they were not yet strong enough.

308
00:37:40,968 --> 00:37:45,597
<font color="
and the further they drove,

309
00:37:45,681 --> 00:37:49,351
the wider grew the gap between
the Germans besieged in Stalingrad

310
00:37:49,476 --> 00:37:52,437
and their would-be rescuers.

311
00:38:32,227 --> 00:38:37,649
German troops inside the pocket
were cold and hungry, but confident.

312
00:38:37,733 --> 00:38:42,738
They settled down, ready to move
when their rescuers got close enough.

313
00:38:42,821 --> 00:38:44,990
<font color="

314
00:38:45,073 --> 00:38:48,160
The Germans fighting their way
to relieve Stalingrad

315
00:38:48,243 --> 00:38:53,540
turned back to meet a new threat
to the entire southern front.

316
00:39:00,714 --> 00:39:04,051
The Germans in the pocket
were on their own.

317
00:39:16,396 --> 00:39:19,316
The Russians had the upper hand.

318
00:39:19,399 --> 00:39:22,361
Even the quality
of their medical care showed it.

319
00:39:22,444 --> 00:39:25,489
German wounded,
except the few airlifted home,</font>

320
00:39:25,572 --> 00:39:27,824
died in their dugouts.

321
00:39:27,908 --> 00:39:29,868
The Russians at Stalingrad

322
00:39:29,951 --> 00:39:34,498
had the best recovery record
of any Russian armies.

323
00:39:59,106 --> 00:40:02,067
The Russians now had mastery of the air.

324
00:40:02,150 --> 00:40:06,113
Their bombers were virtually unopposed.

325
00:40:08,573 --> 00:40:11,326
Hitler was obsessed by Stalingrad.

326
00:40:11,410 --> 00:40:13,537
The Russians too.

327
00:40:13,620 --> 00:40:16,665
<font color="
to freeze and starve.

328
00:40:16,748 --> 00:40:20,293
Instead, they massed seven armies
round the pocket.

329
00:40:28,009 --> 00:40:34,599
In Stalingrad itself,
fighting went on in the same bloody way.

330
00:41:04,588 --> 00:41:06,840
On Christmas Eve in Germany

331
00:41:06,965 --> 00:41:11,178
the radio broadcast this live message
from the troops in Stalingrad:

332
00:41:11,261 --> 00:41:15,056
<i>Attention.
Ich rufe noch einmal Stalingrad.</i></font>

333
00:41:15,140 --> 00:41:18,560
<i>Hier ist Stalingrad.
Hier ist die Front an der Wolga.</i>

334
00:41:18,643 --> 00:41:20,562
But it was a fake.

335
00:41:20,645 --> 00:41:24,608
Broadcasts from Stalingrad
had stopped a week before.

336
00:41:39,289 --> 00:41:45,295
On Christmas Day, Radio Moscow
broadcast to the Germans in Stalingrad:

337
00:41:45,378 --> 00:41:49,466
"Every seven seconds,
a German soldier dies in Russia."

338
00:41:49,549 --> 00:41:52,302
<font color="

339
00:41:57,265 --> 00:42:02,395
The ticking and the message
went on all day.

340
00:42:29,881 --> 00:42:33,468
The Germans were now eating
raw horse flesh.

341
00:42:33,552 --> 00:42:37,305
On January 8,
the Russians offered surrender terms -

342
00:42:37,389 --> 00:42:40,517
warmth, medical care, food.

343
00:42:41,059 --> 00:42:45,021
Officers could even keep
their ceremonial daggers.

344
00:42:50,235 --> 00:42:52,112
Hitler refused.

345
00:42:52,195 --> 00:42:55,031
<font color="
he said,

346
00:42:55,115 --> 00:42:58,785
"helps our situation
everywhere else on the front."

347
00:43:02,163 --> 00:43:05,917
January 10.
The final Russian assault.

348
00:43:13,633 --> 00:43:18,096
They thought it would take
about four days.

349
00:43:40,619 --> 00:43:44,164
But two weeks later,
they were still fighting.

350
00:44:02,557 --> 00:44:06,519
On the 24th,
Hitler signaled from Paul:

351
00:44:06,603 --> 00:44:09,773
<font color="

352
00:44:09,856 --> 00:44:13,276
"Effective command no longer possible."

353
00:44:13,360 --> 00:44:15,570
"Collapse inevitable."

354
00:44:15,654 --> 00:44:18,573
"Army requests permission to surrender

355
00:44:18,657 --> 00:44:21,868
in order to save lives
of remaining troops."

356
00:44:23,203 --> 00:44:26,039
Hitler still forbade surrender.

357
00:44:26,122 --> 00:44:31,628
"The Sixth Army will do its historic
duty at Stalingrad until the last man."</font>

358
00:44:36,716 --> 00:44:40,553
But German soldiers and German officers

359
00:44:40,637 --> 00:44:43,807
were already giving themselves up.

360
00:46:06,181 --> 00:46:11,853
On January 31,
Hitler made Von Paulus a field marshal,

361
00:46:11,936 --> 00:46:16,524
knowing no German field marshal
had ever been taken alive.

362
00:46:27,494 --> 00:46:31,706
The same day he was promoted,
Von Paulus surrendered.

363
00:46:35,585 --> 00:46:40,089
His captors had never seen
such a senior German officer before.</font>

364
00:46:40,173 --> 00:46:43,343
General Shumilov,
who took the surrender,

365
00:46:43,426 --> 00:46:45,595
didn't quite know what to do,

366
00:46:45,678 --> 00:46:49,557
so he asked Paulus
for proof of his identity.

367
00:46:49,641 --> 00:46:54,062
Then for proof that he was
commander of the Sixth Army.

368
00:46:54,187 --> 00:46:57,732
Then whether he really was
a field marshal.

369
00:47:00,527 --> 00:47:05,490
They talked a while.
Von Paulus cheered up.

370
00:47:05,573 --> 00:47:08,868
<font color="
to the Red Army.

371
00:47:10,829 --> 00:47:15,375
Hitler had expected him...
to shoot himself.

372
00:47:24,843 --> 00:47:29,347
It was not an ordinary defeat.
It was a catastrophe.

373
00:48:11,055 --> 00:48:13,016
Two German armies -

374
00:48:13,099 --> 00:48:18,688
24 generals, 2,000 officers,
90,000 soldiers -

375
00:48:18,771 --> 00:48:20,607
prisoners.

376
00:48:20,690 --> 00:48:23,818
And 150,000 dead.

377
00:48:24,861 --> 00:48:30,366
The Romanian, Italian,
and Hungarian armies destroyed.</font>

378
00:48:30,450 --> 00:48:37,206
Enough material lost to equip
a quarter of the whole German army.

379
00:48:37,290 --> 00:48:42,545
This was the same Sixth Army
which, two years before,

380
00:48:42,629 --> 00:48:44,756
could not imagine defeat.

381
00:49:28,633 --> 00:49:31,678
Prisoners were marched off to camps.

382
00:49:31,761 --> 00:49:37,767
50,000 died within weeks
of cold, malnutrition and typhus.

383
00:49:39,185 --> 00:49:45,566
Of all but 100,000,
only 6,000 ever returned home.</font>

384
00:51:08,983 --> 00:51:11,319
The people of Stalingrad

385
00:51:11,402 --> 00:51:16,032
came back to look for
what was left of their homes.

386
00:51:33,633 --> 00:51:38,471
When it was all over,
a Russian soldier said:

387
00:51:38,554 --> 00:51:40,932
"Germans are funny fellows,

388
00:51:41,015 --> 00:51:45,103
coming to conquer Stalingrad
in shiny leather boots."

389
00:51:45,186 --> 00:51:48,272
"They thought it would be a joyride."

390
00:52:13,756 --> 00:52:17,593
<font color="

391
00:52:17,677 --> 00:52:21,639
"What is life? Life is the nation."

392
00:52:21,722 --> 00:52:24,809
"The individual must die anyway."

393
00:52:24,934 --> 00:52:29,063
"Beyond the life of the individual
is the nation."

394
00:52:31,315 --> 00:52:34,569
On February 3, 1943,

395
00:52:34,652 --> 00:52:39,115
the German radio announced
that Stalingrad had fallen.

396
00:52:39,240 --> 00:52:42,451
The Sixth Army had fought courageously,

397
00:52:42,535 --> 00:52:47,790
<font color="
to vastly superior enemy forces,

398
00:52:47,874 --> 00:52:52,336
and to unfavourable circumstances.